In-vitro evaluation of Epherda Foemenia for anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties

Samir Abdulkarim Alharbi, Kamal Eldin Ahmed Abdelsalam, Mohammed Asad, Mohammed Alrouji, Monjid Ahmed Ibrahim

Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia

Refer this article

Samir Abdulkarim Alharbi, Kamal Eldin Ahmed Abdelsalam, Mohammed Asad, Mohammed Alrouji, Monjid Ahmed Ibrahim, 2024. In-vitro evaluation of Epherda Foemenia for anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties. Journal of medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences, V 13 - I 1, Pages- 6354 – 6361. Doi: https://doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.V13I1.5767.

ABSTRACT

Ephedra foeminea has been increasingly recognized for its anti-cancer properties. The current study evaluated the anti-oxidant and anti-cancer activities of the methanol extract of E. foeminea (EFME). The extract was evaluated for cytotoxic effects against mouse breast cancer 4T1 cells, and camptothecin was used as a standard anti-cancer drug for comparison. The anti-oxidant activity was determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging effect while the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, cell invasion assay, scratch assay and cell cycle analysis were used for evaluation of its anti-cancer potential.In the MTT assay on 4T1 cells, viability was preserved at ≥86% when treated at 12.5 μg/ml, with an IC50 concentration of 40.09 μg/ml. Further, the extract increased the cell invasion in the invasion assay, while a reduced cell migration was observed in the scratch assay. Cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry demonstrated a good anti-cancer effect of EFME with cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Moreover, a remarkable anti-oxidant effect was observed in the DPPH assay. These findings indicated the EFME exhibits significant anti-cancer, and anti-oxidant properties but the effects were observed at a higher concentration of 40.09 μg/ml.

Keywords:

Apoptosis, Cytotoxic, Camptothecin, DNA fragmentation, Flow cytometry.

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