Case study on hypertensive crisis in a 27-year-old male patient without any prior history of hypertension

Gokula Priya M*, Deepika Vishwanathan, Sendilkumar B, Tamilchudar R, Muthamil Selvan S

Department of Pharmacology, School of Allied Health Sciences, VMRF (DU) Salem, Tamil Nadu, India

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Gokula Priya M, Deepika Vishwanathan, Sendilkumar B, Tamilchudar R, Muthamil Selvan S, 2025. Case study on hypertensive crisis in a 27-year-old male patient without any prior history of hypertension. Journal of medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences, V 14 - I 3, Pages - 45 – 48. Doi: https://doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.V14I3.6909.

ABSTRACT

Hypertensive emergency is the severe increase in blood pressure that can cause end organ damage. The organs are usually brain, heart, eyes and kidney. Retinal blood vessels are harmed by persistent hypertension, which causes a number of anatomical abnormalities. Blindness or visual impairment may ensue if treatment is not received. These symptoms can be subtle and may not necessarily cause significant concern. However, the condition progresses, more advanced symptoms can develop including vision loss, distorted vision, retinal detachment and vitreous haemorrhage. Hypertensive crisis may also damage kidney. A 27 years old male patient with a past history of chronic hepatitis B suddenly developed blurring of vision and headache with elevated blood pressure of about 210/140 mmHg. Patient then was treated with injection labetalol. Labetalol effectively manages acute hypertensive crisis. Addition of other antihypertensives and diuretics paves way for the better management of patient’s condition. The use of combination of antihypertensives is better in managing hypertension than the use of single agent. Patient was given discharge medications for 20 days. All the drugs given was effective in treating the patient’s condition. Hypertensive emergency can also occur all of a sudden without any past history. Effective management strategies should be employed to treat the condition or else it may lead to life threatening impacts on patient’s quality of life.

Keywords:

Hypertensive emergency, Labetalol, Nifedipine, Calcium channel blocker, Furosemide, Alpha methyl dopa.

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