BIOMARKERS, DRUG TREATMENT AND EXPERIMENTAL MODELS OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

Rishab V Jain*, Dr Shivalinge Gowda KP

PES University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

ABSTRACT

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of demyelinating nature affecting the central nervous system. The chronic inflammation gives rise to plaques in the white and grey matter of the spinal cord and brain regions and also leads to diffuse neurodegeneration in the majority of the brain. Molecular biomarkers for MS are derived from the branches of neurobiology and immunology owing to the causal pathomechanisms. Currently, there is no definite cure for MS and its treatment is mainly centered on the administration of immunosuppressive and immunomodulating agents. Existing management approaches are dedicated to the reduction of biological activity through DMTs, treating acute attacks, and symptomatic treatment. Experimental models are essential to evolving the complexity and pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease and in the design of specific and effective treatments. Various in vitro and in vivo models have been developed in the quest for the design of experimental models of MS.

Keywords:

Multiple sclerosis (MS),
demyelination, oligodendrocytes,
astrocytes, cytokines.