Nanotechnology approaches to enhance therapeutic potential of Bacosides and Bacoside rich fractions targeting brain

Shweta Babasaheb Dighe, Mahendra Singh Ranawat, Dipak Nivrutti Raut, Smita Pravin Jasud

Bhupal Nobles University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

ABSTRACT

Bacosides are triterpenoid saponins obtained from a widely used nootropic herb Bacopa monnieri (Brahmi, family- Scrophulariaceae). The Bacosides mainly used in treatment of Brain and memory related disorders. Bacoside mainly given by oral route, nevertheless the drug is unable to reach CNS in case of conventional formulations due to poor solubility and Blood brain barrier (BBB). The existing ayurvedic dosage form containing Bacosides have limitations of these parameters. The bioavailability of herbal formulations can be improved with different strategies such as nanotechnology approach like liposomes, phytosomes, niosomes, marinosomes and photosomes etc. Administration of bacosides in nano-formulations improve it’s solubility, bioavailability, binding receptor selectivity and capacity to overcome physiological barriers thereby enhancing it’s effectiveness and safety. Niosomes are one of the promising carriers in nanotechnology to penetrate the blood-brain barrier to enhance therapeutic potential of drugs. Niosomes are biodegradable, less toxic, chemically more stable and inexpensive, a new approach to liposomes. Like liposomes they can represent alternative vesicular systems. The niosomes have the tendency to load different type of drugs. The Nanotechnology approaches should be introduced in the formulation of Bacopa monnieri and its phytoconstituents instead of the crude and conventional ways that have been in existence. The Niosomal formulation strategy has a hopeful great future in the formulation of Bacosides, to overcome the barrier limitation and targeting the CNS to treat neurological disorders (in Brain disorder and memory related disorder).Therefore in order to take the bacoside rich extract of Bacopa monnieri across BBB, development of niosomal formulation is needed. This review highlighted importance of niosomes over conventional formulations of Bacopamonnieri enable us to explore targeted delivery of novel plant based bioactive chemicals in human body.

Keywords:

Bacopa monnieri, Bacosides, Memory-enhancement, Blood-brain barrier, Nano-formulation, Niosomes