Efficacy and safety of Acetazolamide in congestive heart failure

Zeenath Unnissa*, Kazi Jawwad Hussain, Sameera Fathima, Sabiha Fatima, Naushiba Fatima, Nida Nousheen

Department of Pharmacy Practice, Deccan School of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

Refer this article

Zeenath Unnissa, Kazi Jawwad Hussain, Sameera Fathima, Sabiha Fatima, Naushiba Fatima, Nida Nousheen, 2025. Efficacy and safety of Acetazolamide in congestive heart failure. Journal of medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences, V 14 - I 1, Pages - 6908 – 6914. Doi: https://doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.V14I1.6417.

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the efficacy and safety of acetazolamide treatment in patients with congestive heart failure. Various parameters including age distribution, gender distribution, weight changes, comorbidities, symptoms, cardiac function, and quality of life were analysed to assess the impact of acetazolamide. This study included 70 patients within the age range of 21-85 years with a slight male predominance (47%) compared to females (53%) in gender distribution. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences between the test and control groups in weight changes, symptoms such as shortness of breath (SOB), and distribution of symptoms including crepts, cough, pedal edema, and pleural effusion. Additionally, significant improvements were observed in clinical outcomes such as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), quality of life measured by Minnesota Living Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), and distribution of outcomes such as incomplete decongestion, mortality, rehospitalization, and successful decongestion. No significant adverse drug reactions were reported during the study period. However, limitations included a relatively small sample size and short study duration. Future research with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods is warranted to validate these findings and explore long-term effects. This study provides compelling evidence for the efficacy of acetazolamide in improving various aspects of CHF management and patient outcomes.

Keywords:

Acetazolamide, Congestive heart failure (CHF), Comorbidities, Cardiac function, MLHFQ Questionnaire

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