Silent threats, smart surveillance: modernizing toxicovigilance for invisible chemical exposures- a review

Bharathi Bhogenahalli Venkatappa, Muchukota Sushma*, Muchukota Babu, Bestha Chakrapani, Gowthami V, Sagar M

Department of Pharmacy Practice, Aditya Bangalore Institute of Pharmacy Education and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Refer this article

Bharathi Bhogenahalli Venkatappa, Muchukota Sushma, Muchukota Babu, Bestha Chakrapani, Gowthami V, Sagar M, 2025. Silent threats, smart surveillance: modernizing toxicovigilance for invisible chemical exposures- a review. Journal of medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences, V 14 - I 6, Pages - 16 – 23. Doi: https://doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.V14I6.6986

ABSTRACT

The conventional toxicovigilance systems, which mainly focus on acute and overt poisoning, may fail to identify chronic and low level and cumulative exposures that play a part in disease burden over the long run. The new technology of exposure science, biomonitoring, digital epidemiology, and AI-enabled environmental surveillance all provide new avenues to innovate toxicovigilance. In this review, the changing environment of chemical exposures in the environmental, occupational, and consumer settings is analysed, with gaps in the existing detection and reporting systems. It also discusses future technologies of surveillance, such as nanosensors, wearable exposure sensors, wastewater sensors, chemical sensors tracked using blockchain technology, and machine-learning algorithms to predict risks in real-time. This article offers a future-resilient model of toxicovigilance through scientific, technological, and regulatory innovation, which would solve the issue of the silent but widespread toxic hazard of invisible chemical exposures.

Keywords:

Toxicovigilance, Environmental toxins, AI surveillance, Occupational toxicology, Smart sensors, Digital epidemiology.

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